QUESTIONSHEET
1
(a) (i) Waves bending around the harbour wall into its shadow. 1 1
Wavelength similar to before. 1 1
(ii) Diffraction 1 1
(b)Wave diffracted around both sets of walls into their shadows 1
(c)Number of bobbing boats increased because amount of diffraction increased 1
because the wavelength is now similar to gap width. 1 1
(d) The number of boats bobbing increased as diffraction increased 1
as gap reduces nearer to wavelength the amount of diffraction increases. 1
(e) Two wave fronts from the two gaps intercept/meet/ interfere. 1
At certain positions the two meeting waves will add together by looking identical i.e. have similar phase difference.
This gives rise to constructive interference and waves are seen. 1 1
At other positions two waves meet and cancel out (antiphase).
Destructive interference. 1 1
Therefore no wave energy seen. 1 1
TOTAL / 12
QUESTIONSHEET
2
(a) Rays originating from target. 1 1
Rays directed out of window. 1 1
(b) Cathode 1 1
(c) >10,000V (10kV) 1 1
(d) Electrons are boiled/ given off 1 1
Attracted/ accelerated towards anode 1 1
(e)Anode becomes warm/ hot 1 1
due to energy absorbed from electrons. 1 1
(f) Electrons would bump into / ionise/ excite gas molecules 1 1
Fewer electrons would reach the anode
Or
The electrons have not enough energy to make X-rays 1 1
(g) Lead. 1 1
Lead shields will stop the travel of X-rays. 1 1
X rays are dangerous/ hazardous. 1
TOTAL
/ 13
QUESTIONSHEET
3
(a) (i) Two of:
Can be reflected;
can be refracted;
travel as waves; 2 2
(ii) Two of
X rays - are more energetic;
- have higher frequency;
- have shorter wavelength; 2 2
(b) (i) Diagram shows rays being reflected off inner wall of fibre; 1 1
at the angle of incidence; 1 1
(ii) Light rays strike wall at an angle greater than critical angle; 1 1
and are totally internally reflected; 1 1
(c) Diagram completed showing appropriate refraction at both interfaces; 1 and dispersion at both interfaces/s
and dispersion at both interfaces/ second interface only; 1
TOTAL
/ 10
QUESTIONSHEET 4
|
|
Mirror
Angle of reflection Angle of incidence
(a)
(i) Ray continued towards bottom right of diagram after it strikes the mirror. 1
Ray drawn precisely (so that the incoming and reflected ray are
symmetrical (forms a mirror image about the normal line) 1 1
(ii) The reflected ray should hit the drawn person's head/eyes. 1 1
(iii) angle marked as 50o labelled angle of incidence 1 1
50 o to other side of normal labelled angle of reflection 1 1
(b) Image size is same size as object. 1 1
TOTAL / 6
QUESTIONSHEET
5
(a)
front of camera screen
one each for: camera, rays, inverted image 3 3
(b) (i) place a convex lens 1 1
in front of pinhole 1 1
(ii) move screen 1 1
away from pinhole 1 1
(c)
one each for: camera, rays, spread image 3
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET
6
(a) (i) 90 – 40 1 1
= 50o 1 1
(ii) 50o 1 1
(iii )
two rays 1 1
at 100o to each other 1 1
(b) (i) 2 metres 1 1
behind the mirror 1 1
(ii) her back 1 1
moving away at 2 m/s 1
TOTAL / 9
QUESTIONSHEET
7
(a) Two from
cooking, radar, satellite communications 2 2
(b) (i) Ultra high frequency 1 1
TV 1 1
(ii) very high frequency 1 1
radio/police & ambulance communications 1 1
(c) (i) 90 000 ´ 1000 m 1 1
divided by 300 000 000 1 1
0.3 s 1 1
(ii) 165 000 000 ´ 1000 m 1 1
divided by 300 000 000 1 1
550 s 1 1
TOTAL / 12
QUESTIONSHEET
8
(a) results in order 24,
30, 40, 60, 100 (all: 3 marks, 3: 2
marks 2: 1 mark) 3
80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
(b) (i)
120 100 0
sensible scales 1 1
correct plotting 1 1
line drawn accurately 1 1
(ii) 26 +/- 1 cm 1 1
(c) 25 cm 1 1
(d) 40 / 2 1 1
= 20 cm 1 1
1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET
9
(a) Refraction. 1 1
(b) Violet light is bent more than red and continues from left to right. 1 1
(c) More refraction of red ray to bend downwards at glass/air boundary. 1 More refraction of violet ray to bend downwards at glass/air boundary 1
More refraction of violet ray to bend downwards at glass/air boundary. 1
Amount of refraction of violet ray is more than red ray. 1 1
(d) Orange 1 1
(e) Any from Infra red, Microwaves, Radio waves. 1 1
(f) Any from Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma-rays. 1 1
(g) Colours have different wavelengths. 1 1
Wavelengths will bend by different amounts. 1 1
Because different wavelengths will slow down by different amounts. 1
TOTAL / 11
QUESTIONSHEET
10
(a) Right hand ray refracted inwards/ downwards. 1 1
When it hit the boundary it is refracted in towards the right direction so
outgoing ray parallel with incoming ray. 1 1
Left hand ray is undeviated at both boundaries. 1 1 (diagram EM30) 1
1
(b) The angle of reflection is the same as the incident angle. 1 1
The ray is continued until it hits the bottom edge of the glass. 1
Again Total Internal Reflection takes place. 1 1 (diagram EM31) 1
1
(c) Light is sent along the fibre by total internal reflection. 1 1
light hits the patient’s insides and returns along the receiving fibre. 1
Travels along receiving fibre towards eye by total internal reflection. 1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET
11
(a) (i) 90 degrees/ Right angle/ Perpendicular. 1 1
(ii) Ray refracted into glass in the right direction and refracted
out of glass in the right direction so that it is parallel to incident ray. 1 1
Wavefronts still at right angles in glass block. 1
Wavefronts closer together in glass block. 1 1
Wavefronts same distance as before and also at right angles when ray is back in air. 1 1
(b) Slows down in the glass block. 1 1
Speeds up to same speed as before. 1 1
(c) Difference in refractive index/ optical density. 1
(d) The wave slows down because the refractive index has increased. 1 1
and so the wavefronts ‘bunch up’. 1 1
As it leaves glass the index reduces and the wave speeds up again so wavefronts can spread out.
(Or equivalent but inverse pattern with frequency) 1
TOTAL / 11
QUESTIONSHEET
12
(a) yellow 1 1
magenta 1 1
cyan 1 1
(b) white 1 1
(c) (i) any two colours which make white when mixed 1
(ii) blue & yellow 1 1
red & cyan 1 1
green & magenta 1
TOTAL / 8
QUESTIONSHEET
13
(a)
1
light slower in water 1 1
changes angle of light 1 1
(b) (i) refractive index = speed of light in air/speed in water 1
300 000 000 / 225 000 000 1 1
= 1.33 1 1
(ii) sin i /sin r 1 1
(c) (i) angle of incidence above which angle of refraction = 90o 1
(ii)
1
TOTAL / 9
QUESTIONSHEET
14
(a) (i) larger, less sharp, dimmer 3 3
(ii) moved closer to slide 1 1
(b) (i) convex 1 1
(ii) larger, less clear at edges 2 1
(c) focuses light through lens 1 1
burns film or shutter 1 1
TOTAL / 9
QUESTIONSHEET
15
(a) make up or shaving mirrors 1 1
magnifying glass 1 1
reflectors in torches 1 1
(b) see upstairs 1 1
wide field of view 1 1
(c) (i)
mirrors 1 1
openings in tube 1 1
light ray 1 1
(ii) 45o 1 1
(iii) triangular prism 1 1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET
16
(a) convex – centre ray straight 1 1
others converging to point 1 1
concave – centre ray straight 1 1
others diverging 1 1
(b) (i) larger image 1 1
(ii) smaller image 1 1
(iii) same size image 1 1
(c)
I F O
2
F
distance – 8 cm 1 1
height – 2 cm 1 1
TOTAL / 11
QUESTIONSHEET
17
(a) Ray drawn with ruler from source to top of ball onto screen 1 1
Second ray drawn with ruler from source to bottom of ball
then continued to screen and shadow written between where these two rays hit the screen. 1 1
(b) Size will be different (complete shadow will be smaller) 1
Area of grey around the area of complete shadow (black) 1
(c) (i) Rays come from bulb into his eyes. 1 1
(ii) Rays from bulb bounce/ reflect off book into his eyes. 1
(iii) Paper scatters/ reflects at different angles. 1 1
Rays from different part of light bulb enter eye together. 1
1
TOTAL / 8
QUESTIONSHEET
18
(a) (i) Angle of reflection correct (same as incident angle) 1
Drawn with a ruler. 1 1
(ii) The same size 1 1
The same way up 1 1 Virtual 1
Virtual 1
(b) Diagram roughly same size 1 1
Orientation correct
(so end of screwdriver pointing away from object) 1
(c) (i) Angles of reflection at top mirror correct
(so rays go vertical downwards) 1 1
Angles of reflection at bottom mirror correct (so rays go horizontally towards eye) 1 1
Rays drawn with a ruler and direction arrows drawn on constructed rays 1 1
(ii) To see over or around any object 1
(i.e. wall, crowd of people etc) 1
1
TOTAL / 11
QUESTIONSHEET
19
(a) (i) Increasing wavelength. 1 1
(ii) Increasing frequency. 1 1
(b) Red on the right hand side. 1 1
Violet on the left hand side. 1 1
(c) Gamma rays. 1 1
(d) (i) To examine bones or structure of the body. 1 1
(ii) Sun tans or sterilisation. 1 1
(e) All these waves have a lot of energy. 1 1
Which is transferred to object it hits
(and can kill cells etc.) 1 1
TOTAL / 9
TOTAL
QUESTIONSHEET
20
(a) she would see her name 1 1
retention of vision 1 1
(b) (i) to enable them to see all round 1 1
without moving head 1 1
(ii) judge distance 1 1
for catching prey 1 1
(c) (i) jerky or slow 1 1
(ii) no time for brain to register still image 1 1
before next one appears 1 1
(iii) 24 frames per sec 1 1
´ 5 ´ 60 1 1
= 7200 frames 1 1
TOTAL / 12
TOTAL / 9